ÿþ<html> <head> <title> Bahrain Government 2013, CIA World Factbook </title> <META NAME="Description" CONTENT="Bahrain Government 2013, CIA World Factbook"> <META NAME="keywords" CONTENT="Bahrain, Government, 2013, CIA, World, Factbook"> <script language="JavaScript"> function AddToFaves_hp(){ var is_4up = parseInt(navigator.appVersion); var is_mac = navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf("mac")!=-1; var is_ie = navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf("msie")!=-1; var thePage = location.href; if (thePage.lastIndexOf('#')!=-1) thePage = thePage.substring(0,thePage.lastIndexOf('#')); if (is_ie && is_4up && !is_mac) window.external.AddFavorite(thePage,document.title); else if (is_ie || document.images) booker_hp = window.open(thePage,'booker_','menubar,width=325,height=100,left=140,top=60'); //booker_hp.focus(); } //--> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js'; 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/* WFB Medium Rectangle */ google_ad_slot = "5200087626"; google_ad_width = 300; google_ad_height = 250; //--> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script> <br> Page last updated on February 13, 2013 <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#country_name">Country name:</a></b><br> <i>conventional long form: </i>Kingdom of Bahrain <br><i> conventional short form: </i>Bahrain <br><i> local long form: </i>Mamlakat al Bahrayn <br><i> local short form: </i>Al Bahrayn <br><i> former: </i>Dilmun, State of Bahrain <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#government_type">Government type:</a></b><br> constitutional monarchy <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#capital">Capital:</a></b><br> <i>name: </i>Manama <br><i> geographic coordinates: </i>26 14 N, 50 34 E <br><i> time difference: </i>UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time) <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#administrative_divisions">Administrative divisions:</a></b><br> 5 governorates; Asamah (Capital), Janubiyah (Southern), Muharraq, Shamaliyah (Northern), Wasat (Central) <br><i> <em>note:</em> </i>each governorate administered by an appointed governor <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#independence">Independence:</a></b><br> 15 August 1971 (from the UK) <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#national_holiday">National holiday:</a></b><br> National Day, 16 December (1971); note - 15 August 1971 was the date of independence from the UK, 16 December 1971 was the date of independence from British protection <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#constitution">Constitution:</a></b><br> adopted 14 February 2002 <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#legal_system">Legal system:</a></b><br> mixed legal system of Islamic law, English common law, Egyptian civil, criminal, and commercial codes; customary law <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#international_law_organization_participation">International law organization participation:</a></b><br> has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#suffrage">Suffrage:</a></b><br> 20 years of age; universal; note - Bahraini Cabinet in May 2011 endorsed a draft law lowering eligibility to 18 years <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/population/suffrage_2013_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Suffrage country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "bahrain_chiefs.html">Executive branch</a>:</b><br> <i>chief of state: </i>King HAMAD bin Isa Al-Khalifa (since 6 March 1999); Crown Prince SALMAN bin Hamad Al-Khalifa (son of the monarch, born 21 October 1969) <br><i> head of government: </i>Prime Minister KHALIFA bin Salman Al-Khalifa (since 1971); Deputy Prime Ministers ALI bin Khalifa bin Salman Al-Khalifa, MUHAMMAD bin Mubarak Al-Khalifa, Jawad bin Salim al-ARAIDH, Khalid bin Abdullah Al KHALIFA <br><i> cabinet: </i>Cabinet appointed by the monarch <br><i> elections: </i>the monarchy is hereditary; prime minister appointed by the monarch <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#legislative_branch">Legislative branch:</a></b><br> bicameral National Assembly consists of the Shura Council or Consultative Council (40 members appointed by the King) and the Council of Representatives or Chamber of Deputies (40 seats; members directly elected to serve four-year terms) <br><i> elections: </i>Council of Representatives - last held in two rounds on 23 and 30 October 2010 (next election to be held in 2014); byelections to fill 18 vacated seats held in two rounds on 24 September and 1 October 2011 <br><i> election results: </i>Council of Representatives (2010) - percent of vote by society - NA; seats by society - Wifaq (Shia) 18, Asala (Sunni Salafi) 3, Minbar (Sunni Muslim Brotherhood) 2, independents 17; Council of Representatives byelection for 18 vacated seats (2011) - seats by society - independent Sunni 8, Asala (Sunni Salafi) 1, independent Shia 8, Islamic Society League (Shia) 1, ; note - Bahrain has societies rather than parties <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#judicial_branch">Judicial branch:</a></b><br> High Civil Appeals Court <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#political_parties_and_leaders">Political parties and leaders:</a></b><br> <i>note: </i>political parties are prohibited but political societies were legalized per a July 2005 law <br><i> progovernment: </i>Arab Islamic Center Society [Ahmad Sanad AL-BENALI]; Constitutional Gathering Society; Islamic Asalah [Abd al-Halim MURAD]; Islamic Saff Society [Abdullah Khalil BU GHAMAR]; Islamic Shura Society; Movement of National Justice Society [Muhi al-Din KHAN]; National Action Charter Society [Muhammad AL-BUAYNAYN]; National Dialogue Society; National Islamic Minbar [Ali AHMAD]; National Unity Gathering [Abdullah AL-HUWAYHI] <br><i> oppositon: </i>National Democratic Action Society [Ibrahim SHARIF]; National Democratic Assemblage [Fadhil ABBAS]; National Democratic Assembly [Hasan AL-ALI]; National Fraternity Society [Musa AL-ANSARI]; National Islamic Society [Ali SALMAN]; National Progressive Tribune [Abd al-Nabi SALMAN] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#political_pressure_groups_and_leaders">Political pressure groups and leaders:</a></b><br> <i>Sunni: </i>Al-Fatih Awakening <br><i> Shia: </i>14 February Revolution Youth Coalition; Bahrain Islamic Freedom Movement [Said SHIHABI]; Haqq Movement [Hasan MUSHAYMA]; Islamic Amal [Muhammad Ali AL-MAHFUDH]; Khalas [Abd al-Rauf AL-SHAYIB]; Wafa Islamic Society [Abd al-Wahab HUSAYN] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/abbreviations.html">International organization participation</a>:</b><br> ABEDA, AFESD, AMF, CAEU, CICA, FAO, G-77, GCC, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAS, MIGA, NAM, OAPEC, OIC, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#diplomatic_representation_in_the_us">Diplomatic representation in the US:</a></b><br> <i>chief of mission: </i>Ambassador Huda Azra Ibrahim NUNU <br><i> chancery: </i>3502 International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20008 <br><i> telephone: </i>[1] (202) 342-1111 <br><i> FAX: </i>[1] (202) 362-2192 <br><i> consulate(s) general: </i>New York <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#diplomatic_representation_from_the_us">Diplomatic representation from the US:</a></b><br> <i>chief of mission: </i>Ambassador Thomas C. KRAJESKI <br><i> embassy: </i>Building #979, Road 3119 (next to Al-Ahli Sports Club), Block 331, Zinj District, Manama <br><i> mailing address: </i>PSC 451, Box 660, FPO AE 09834-5100; international mail: American Embassy, Box 26431, Manama <br><i> telephone: </i>[973] 1724-2700 <br><i> FAX: </i>[973] 1727-0547 <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/flags/">Flag</a> description:</b><br> red, the traditional color for flags of Persian Gulf states, with a white serrated band (five white points) on the hoist side; the five points represent the five pillars of Islam <br><i> <em>note:</em> </i>until 2002 the flag had eight white points, but this was reduced to five to avoid confusion with the Qatari flag <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#national_anthem">National anthem:</a></b><br> <i>name: </i>"Bahrainona" (Our Bahrain) <div id="mediaplayer" style="height: 23px;"> <script type="text/javascript" src="jwplayer.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> jwplayer("mediaplayer").setup({ 'flashplayer' : "player.swf", 'file': "../anthems/BA.mp3", 'controlbar': 'bottom', 'width': '370', 'height': '23' }); </script> <br><i> lyrics/music: </i>unknown <br><i> <em>note:</em> </i>adopted 1971; although Mohamed Sudqi AYYASH wrote the original lyrics, they were changed in 2002 following the transformation of Bahrain from an emirate to a kingdom </font> <p> <p> <BR> <P> <font size = "-2"><B> NOTE: The information regarding Bahrain on this page is re-published from the 2013 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Bahrain Government 2013 information contained here. 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