ÿþ<html> <head> <title> Canada Geography 2013, CIA World Factbook </title> <META NAME="Description" CONTENT="Canada Geography 2013, CIA World Factbook"> <META NAME="keywords" CONTENT="Canada, Geography, 2013, CIA, World, Factbook"> <script language="JavaScript"> function AddToFaves_hp(){ var is_4up = parseInt(navigator.appVersion); var is_mac = navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf("mac")!=-1; var is_ie = navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf("msie")!=-1; var thePage = location.href; if (thePage.lastIndexOf('#')!=-1) thePage = thePage.substring(0,thePage.lastIndexOf('#')); if (is_ie && is_4up && !is_mac) window.external.AddFavorite(thePage,document.title); else if (is_ie || document.images) booker_hp = window.open(thePage,'booker_','menubar,width=325,height=100,left=140,top=60'); //booker_hp.focus(); } //--> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 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target="_blank">COUNTRIES</a> | <a href="http://www.geographic.org/geographic_names" target="_blank">GEOGRAPHIC NAMES</a> | <a href="http://www.theodora.com/geology" target="_blank">GEOLOGY</a> | <a href="http://www.allcountries.org/uscensus/" target="_blank">USA STATS</a> | <a href="http://www.allcountries.org/china_statistics/" target="_blank">CHINA STATS</a> | <a href="http://www.geographic.org/countries/county_codes.html" target="_blank">COUNTRY CODES</a> | <a href="http://www.photius.com/wfb2001/airport_codes.html" target="_blank">AIRPORTS</a> | <a href="http://www.photius.com/religion" target="_blank">RELIGION</a> | <a href="http://www.occupationalinfo.org" target="_blank">JOBS</a> | </font></td></tr> </table> <table border="0" bgcolor="white" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="972" align="top" valign="top" hspace="0" vspace="0" units="pixels"> <tr><td colspan="2" width="972"><img src="http://www.theodora.com/wfb2008/images/line2.gif"></td></tr><tr height="90" align="left" 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2013</font> <br> <font size = "-2"> http://www.theodora.com/wfbcurrent/canada/canada_geography.html </font> <br> <font size="-2"><B>SOURCE: 2013 CIA WORLD FACTBOOK AND OTHER SOURCES</B></FONT></td></tr> <tr height="3" align="left" valign="top" bgcolor="white" nowrap units="pixels"> <td colspan="2" align="left" valign="top" height="3" width="972" nowrap bgcolor="white" nowrap> <img src="http://www.theodora.com/wfb2008/images/line13.gif"></td></tr></table> <table border="0" bgcolor="#FFCC99" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="972" align="left" valign="top" hspace="0" vspace="0" units="pixels"> <tr><td background="http://www.theodora.com/wfb2008/images/light_blue.gif" width="200" valign="top"> <font face="arial"> <br><br> <center> <script type="text/javascript"><!-- google_ad_client = "pub-7437757543052749"; /* 160x600, created 26/1/2013 */ google_ad_slot = "8708585973"; google_ad_width = 160; google_ad_height = 600; //--> </script> <script type="text/javascript" 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href="http://translate.google.com/translate?u=http://www.theodora.com/wfbcurrent/canada/canada_geography.html&sl=en&tl=es&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8" target="_blank"><img border ="0" src="http://www.theodora.com/images/spanish_translate.gif" alt="Spanish"></a> <a href="http://translate.google.com/translate?u=http://www.theodora.com/wfbcurrent/canada/canada_geography.html&sl=en&tl=zh-CN&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8" target="_blank"><img border ="0" src="http://www.theodora.com/images/chinese_translate.gif" alt="Simplified Chinese"></a> <a href="http://translate.google.com/translate?u=http://www.theodora.com/wfbcurrent/canada/canada_geography.html&sl=en&tl=fr&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8" target="_blank"><img border ="0" src="http://www.theodora.com/images/french_translate.gif" alt="French"></a> <a href="http://translate.google.com/translate?u=http://www.theodora.com/wfbcurrent/canada/canada_geography.html&sl=en&tl=de&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8" target="_blank"><img border ="0" 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border ="0" src="http://www.theodora.com/images/portuguese_translate.gif" alt="Portuguese"></a> </td></tr></table> <HR> <br> <script type="text/javascript"><!-- google_ad_client = "ca-pub-7437757543052749"; /* WFB Medium Rectangle */ google_ad_slot = "5200087626"; google_ad_width = 300; google_ad_height = 250; //--> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script> <br> Page last updated on February 14, 2013 <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#location">Location:</a></b><br> Northern North America, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean on the east, North Pacific Ocean on the west, and the Arctic Ocean on the north, north of the conterminous US <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#geographic_coordinates">Geographic coordinates:</a></b><br> 60 00 N, 95 00 W <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/maps/">Map references</a>: </b><br> North America</a> <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#area">Area:</a></b><br> <i>total: </i>9,984,670 sq km <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/geography/total_area_sq_km_2013_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Area - total country ranks</u></a> ] <br><span style="padding-left:7px;">country comparison to the world: 2 <br><i> land: </i>9,093,507 sq km <br><i> water: </i>891,163 sq km <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#area_comparative">Area - comparative:</a></b><br> slightly larger than the US <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#land_boundaries">Land boundaries:</a></b><br> <i>total: </i>8,893 km <br><i> border countries: </i>US 8,893 km (includes 2,477 km with Alaska) <br><i> <em>note:</em> </i>Canada is the World's largest country that borders only one country <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/geography/land_boundaries_km_2013_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Land boundaries country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#coastline">Coastline:</a></b><br> 202,080 km <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/geography/coastline_2013_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Coastline country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#maritime_claims">Maritime claims:</a></b><br> <i>territorial sea: </i>12 nm <br><i> contiguous zone: </i>24 nm <br><i> exclusive economic zone: </i>200 nm <br><i> continental shelf: </i>200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#climate">Climate:</a></b><br> varies from temperate in south to subarctic and arctic in north <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#terrain">Terrain:</a></b><br> mostly plains with mountains in west and lowlands in southeast <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#elevation_extremes">Elevation extremes:</a></b><br> <i>lowest point: </i>Atlantic Ocean 0 m <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/geography/elevation_extremes_lowest_point_2013_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Elevation extremes - lowest point country ranks</u></a> ] <br><i> highest point: </i>Mount Logan 5,959 m <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#natural_resources">Natural resources:</a></b><br> iron ore, nickel, zinc, copper, gold, lead, rare earth elements, molybdenum, potash, diamonds, silver, fish, timber, wildlife, coal, petroleum, natural gas, hydropower <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#land_use">Land use:</a></b><br> <i>arable land: </i>4.57% <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/geography/land_use_arable_land_2013_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Land use - arable land country ranks</u></a> ] <br><i> permanent crops: </i>0.65% <br><i> other: </i>94.78% (2005) <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#irrigated_land">Irrigated land:</a></b><br> 8,550 sq km (2003) <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/geography/irrigated_land_2013_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Irrigated land country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#total_renewable_water_resources">Total renewable water resources:</a></b><br> 3,300 cu km (1985) <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/geography/total_renewable_water_resources_2013_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Total renewable water resources country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#freshwater_withdrawal">Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):</a></b><br> <i>total: </i>44.72 cu km/yr (20%/69%/12%) <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/geography/freshwater_withdrawal_domestic_industrial_agricultural_total_2013_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural) - total country ranks</u></a> ] <br><i> per capita: </i>1,386 cu m/yr (1996) <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#natural_hazards">Natural hazards:</a></b><br> continuous permafrost in north is a serious obstacle to development; cyclonic storms form east of the Rocky Mountains, a result of the mixing of air masses from the Arctic, Pacific, and North American interior, and produce most of the country's rain and snow east of the mountains <br><i> volcanism: </i>the vast majority of volcanoes in Western Canada's Coast Mountains remain dormant <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#environment_current_issues">Environment - current issues:</a></b><br> air pollution and resulting acid rain severely affecting lakes and damaging forests; metal smelting, coal-burning utilities, and vehicle emissions impacting on agricultural and forest productivity; ocean waters becoming contaminated due to agricultural, industrial, mining, and forestry activities <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#environment_international_agreements">Environment - international agreements:</a></b><br> <i>party to: </i>Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Seals, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands <br><i> signed, but not ratified: </i>Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Marine Life Conservation <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#geography_note">Geography - note:</a></b><br> second-largest country in world (after Russia); strategic location between Russia and US via north polar route; approximately 90% of the population is concentrated within 160 km of the US border; Canada has more fresh water than any other country and almost 9% of Canadian territory is water; Canada has at least 2 million and possibly over 3 million lakes - that is more than all other countries combined </font> <p> <p> <BR> <P> <font size = "-2"><B> NOTE: The information regarding Canada on this page is re-published from the 2013 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Canada Geography 2013 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Canada Geography 2013 should be addressed to the CIA. </B></font> </P> <br> <hr> <a href="#" onClick="AddToFaves_hp()"><img src="http://www.theodora.com/images/bookmark_banner.gif" align="left" width="176" height="52" border="0"></a><font color=brown> - Please bookmark this page (add it to your favorites). <br> - If you wish to <b>link</b> to this page, you can do so by referring to the URL address below this line.</font> <hr> http://www.theodora.com/wfbcurrent/canada/canada_geography.html <br><br> This page was last modified 22-Mar-13 <br> Copyright &copy 1995-2013 <a href="http://www.theodora.com/ita.html">ITA</a> all rights reserved. <br> </td> <td width=200 valign="top" align="left" background="http://www.theodora.com/wfb2008/images/light_blue.gif"> <!-- SiteSearch Google --> <br> <form action="http://www.google.com/cse" id="cse-search-box"> <div> <input type="hidden" name="cx" value="partner-pub-7437757543052749:i8v5yg-obf2" /> <input type="hidden" name="ie" value="ISO-8859-1" /> <input type="text" name="q" size="26" /> <input type="submit" name="sa" value="Search" /> </div> </form> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://www.google.com/cse/brand?form=cse-search-box&lang=en"></script> <!-- End SiteSearch Google --> <font size="2" face="arial"> <b> <ul> <li><a href="http://www.theodora.com/wfb">|Main INDEX|</a> <li><a href="../index.html">2013 INDEX</a> <li><a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/index.html">Country Ranks</a> <li><a href="http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html">DEFINITIONS</a> <br><br> <a href="index.html">Canada Index 2013</a> <br><br> <a href="http://www.theodora.com/wfbcurrent/canada/index.html">Canada Main Index</a> <li><a href="canada_introduction.html">Introduction</a> <li><a href="http://workmall.com/wfb2001/canada/canada_history_index.html">History</a> <li><a href="canada_geography.html">Geography</a> <li>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="http://www.theodora.com/maps">Maps</a><br> </b> &nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="http://www.photius.com/religion">Religion</a> <b><li><a href="canada_government.html">Government</a><br></B> &nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="canada_chiefs.html"> Gov. 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