ÿþ<html> <head> <title> Syria Geography 2012, CIA World Factbook </title> <META NAME="Description" CONTENT="Syria Geography 2012, CIA World Factbook"> <META NAME="keywords" CONTENT="Syria, Geography, 2012, CIA, World, Factbook"> <script language="JavaScript"> function AddToFaves_hp(){ var is_4up = parseInt(navigator.appVersion); var is_mac = navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf("mac")!=-1; var is_ie = navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf("msie")!=-1; var thePage = location.href; if (thePage.lastIndexOf('#')!=-1) thePage = thePage.substring(0,thePage.lastIndexOf('#')); if (is_ie && is_4up && !is_mac) window.external.AddFavorite(thePage,document.title); else if (is_ie || document.images) booker_hp = window.open(thePage,'booker_','menubar,width=325,height=100,left=140,top=60'); //booker_hp.focus(); } //--> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js'; 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/* WFB Leaderboard */ google_ad_slot = "7548094546"; google_ad_width = 728; google_ad_height = 90; //--> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script> </td></tr> <tr height="3" align="left" valign="top" bgcolor="white" nowrap units="pixels"><td colspan="2" align="left" valign="top" height="3" width="972" nowrap bgcolor="white" nowrap> <img src="http://www.theodora.com/wfb2008/images/line1.gif"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" align="middle" background="http://www.theodora.com/wfb2008/images/light_blue.gif" width="972"> <font size="-2"> <br></font> <font face="arial" size="5"><b>Syria</b> Geography 2012</font> <br> <font size = "-2"> http://www.theodora.com/wfbcurrent/syria/syria_geography.html </font> <br> <font size="-2"><B>SOURCE: 2012 CIA WORLD FACTBOOK AND OTHER SOURCES</B></FONT></td></tr> <tr height="3" align="left" valign="top" bgcolor="white" nowrap units="pixels"> <td colspan="2" align="left" valign="top" height="3" width="972" nowrap bgcolor="white" nowrap> <img src="http://www.theodora.com/wfb2008/images/line13.gif"></td></tr></table> <table border="0" bgcolor="#FFCC99" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="972" align="left" valign="top" hspace="0" vspace="0" units="pixels"> <tr><td background="http://www.theodora.com/wfb2008/images/light_blue.gif" width="200" valign="top"> <font face="arial"> <br><br> <center> <script type="text/javascript"><!-- google_ad_client = "ca-pub-7437757543052749"; 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/* WFB Large Rectangle */ google_ad_slot = "8137512903"; google_ad_width = 336; google_ad_height = 280; //--> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script> <br> Page last updated on February 27, <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#location">Location:</a></b><br> Middle East, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Lebanon and Turkey <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#geographic_coordinates">Geographic coordinates:</a></b><br> 35 00 N, 38 00 E <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/maps/">Map references</a>: </b><br> Middle East</a> <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#area">Area:</a></b><br> <i>total:</i> 185,180 sq km <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/geography/total_area_sq_km_2012_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Area - total country ranks</u></a> ] <br><span style="padding-left:7px;">country comparison to the world: 89 <br><i>land:</i> 183,630 sq km <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/geography/land_area_sq_km_2012_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Area - land country ranks</u></a> ] <br><i>water:</i> 1,550 sq km <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/geography/water_area_sq_km_2012_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Area - water country ranks</u></a> ] <br><i> <em>note:</em></i> includes 1,295 sq km of Israeli-occupied territory <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#area_comparative">Area - comparative:</a></b><br> slightly larger than North Dakota <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#land_boundaries">Land boundaries:</a></b><br> <i>total:</i> 2,253 km <br><i>border countries:</i> Iraq 605 km, Israel 76 km, Jordan 375 km, Lebanon 375 km, Turkey 822 km <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/geography/land_boundaries_km_2012_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Land boundaries country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#coastline">Coastline:</a></b><br> 193 km <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/geography/coastline_2012_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Coastline country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#maritime_claims">Maritime claims:</a></b><br> <i>territorial sea:</i> 12 nm <br><i>contiguous zone:</i> 24 nm <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#climate">Climate:</a></b><br> mostly desert; hot, dry, sunny summers (June to August) and mild, rainy winters (December to February) along coast; cold weather with snow or sleet periodically in Damascus <br><b><a href="http://www.photius.com/countries/syria/climate/syria_climate_land_water_and_cli~1631.html">More Climate Details</a></b> <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#terrain">Terrain:</a></b><br> primarily semiarid and desert plateau; narrow coastal plain; mountains in west <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#elevation_extremes">Elevation extremes:</a></b><br> <i>lowest point:</i> unnamed location near Lake Tiberias -200 m <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/geography/elevation_extremes_lowest_point_2012_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Elevation extremes - lowest point country ranks</u></a> ] <br><i>highest point:</i> Mount Hermon 2,814 m <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/geography/elevation_extremes_highest_point_2012_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Elevation extremes - highest point country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#natural_resources">Natural resources:</a></b><br> petroleum, phosphates, chrome and manganese ores, asphalt, iron ore, rock salt, marble, gypsum, hydropower <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#land_use">Land use:</a></b><br> <i>arable land:</i> 24.8% <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/geography/land_use_arable_land_2012_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Land use - arable land country ranks</u></a> ] <br><i>permanent crops:</i> 4.47% <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/geography/land_use_permanent_crops_2012_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Land use - permanent crops country ranks</u></a> ] <br><i>other:</i> 70.73% (2005) <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/geography/land_use_other_2012_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Land use - other country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#irrigated_land">Irrigated land:</a></b><br> 13,560 sq km (2008) <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/geography/irrigated_land_2012_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Irrigated land country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#total_renewable_water_resources">Total renewable water resources:</a></b><br> 46.1 cu km (1997) <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/geography/total_renewable_water_resources_2012_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Total renewable water resources country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#freshwater_withdrawal">Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):</a></b><br> <i>total:</i> 19.95 cu km/yr (3%/2%/95%) <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/geography/freshwater_withdrawal_domestic_industrial_agricultural_total_2012_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural) - total country ranks</u></a> ] <br><i>per capita:</i> 1,048 cu m/yr (2000) <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/geography/freshwater_withdrawal_domestic_industrial_agricultural_per_capita_2012_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural) - per capita country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#natural_hazards">Natural hazards:</a></b><br> dust storms, sandstorms <br><i>volcanism:</i> Syria's two historically active volcanoes, Es Safa and an unnamed volcano near the Turkish border have not erupted in centuries <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#environment_current_issues">Environment - current issues:</a></b><br> deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification; water pollution from raw sewage and petroleum refining wastes; inadequate potable water <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#environment_international_agreements">Environment - international agreements:</a></b><br> <i>party to:</i> Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands <br><i>signed, but not ratified:</i> Environmental Modification <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#geography_note">Geography - note:</a></b><br> the capital of Damascus - located at an oasis fed by the Barada River - is thought to be one of the world's oldest continuously inhabited cities; there are 41 Israeli settlements and civilian land use sites in the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights (2010 est.) </font> <p> <p> <BR> <P> <font size = "-2"><B> NOTE: The information regarding Syria on this page is re-published from the 2012 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Syria Geography 2012 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Syria Geography 2012 should be addressed to the CIA. </B></font> </P> <br> <hr> <a href="#" onClick="AddToFaves_hp()"><img src="http://www.theodora.com/images/bookmark_banner.gif" align="left" width="176" height="52" border="0"></a><font color=brown> - Please bookmark this page (add it to your favorites). <br> - If you wish to <b>link</b> to this page, you can do so by referring to the URL address below this line.</font> <hr> http://www.theodora.com/wfbcurrent/syria/syria_geography.html <br><br> This page was last modified 06-Mar-12 <br> Copyright &copy 1995-2012 <a href="http://www.theodora.com/ita.html">ITA</a> all rights reserved. <br> </td> <td width=200 valign="top" align="left" background="http://www.theodora.com/wfb2008/images/light_blue.gif"> <!-- SiteSearch Google --> <br> <form action="http://www.google.com/cse" id="cse-search-box"> <div> <input type="hidden" name="cx" value="partner-pub-7437757543052749:i8v5yg-obf2" /> <input type="hidden" name="ie" value="ISO-8859-1" /> <input type="text" name="q" size="26" /> <input type="submit" name="sa" value="Search" /> </div> </form> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://www.google.com/cse/brand?form=cse-search-box&lang=en"></script> <!-- End SiteSearch Google --> <font size="2" face="arial"> <b> <ul> <li><a href="http://www.theodora.com/wfb">|Main INDEX|</a> <li><a href="../index.html">2012 INDEX</a> <li><a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/index.html">Country Ranks</a> <li><a href="http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html">DEFINITIONS</a> <br><br> <a href="index.html">Syria Index 2012</a> <br><br> <a href="http://www.theodora.com/wfbcurrent/syria/index.html">Syria Main Index</a> <li><a href="syria_introduction.html">Introduction</a> <li><a href="http://workmall.com/wfb2001/syria/syria_history_index.html">History</a> <li><a href="http://www.photius.com/countries/syria/geography/index.html">Geography</a> <li><a href="http://www.photius.com/countries/syria/climate/syria_climate_land_water_and_cli~1631.html">Climate</a> <li>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="http://www.theodora.com/maps">Maps</a><br> <li><a href="http://www.photius.com/countries/syria/society/index.html">People</a><br> </b> &nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="http://www.photius.com/religion">Religion</a> <b><li><a href="http://www.photius.com/countries/syria/government/index.html">Government</a><br></B> &nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="syria_chiefs.html"> Gov. 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