ÿþ<html> <head> <title> Turkmenistan Communications 2012, CIA World Factbook </title> <META NAME="Description" CONTENT="Turkmenistan Communications 2012, CIA World Factbook"> <META NAME="keywords" CONTENT="Turkmenistan, Communications, 2012, CIA, World, Factbook"> <script language="JavaScript"> function AddToFaves_hp(){ var is_4up = parseInt(navigator.appVersion); var is_mac = navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf("mac")!=-1; var is_ie = navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf("msie")!=-1; var thePage = location.href; if (thePage.lastIndexOf('#')!=-1) thePage = thePage.substring(0,thePage.lastIndexOf('#')); if (is_ie && is_4up && !is_mac) window.external.AddFavorite(thePage,document.title); else if (is_ie || document.images) booker_hp = window.open(thePage,'booker_','menubar,width=325,height=100,left=140,top=60'); //booker_hp.focus(); } //--> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; 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/* WFB Large Rectangle */ google_ad_slot = "8137512903"; google_ad_width = 336; google_ad_height = 280; //--> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script> <br> Page last updated on February 8, <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#telephones_main_lines_in_use">Telephones - main lines in use:</a></b><br> 520,000 (2010) <br><span style="padding-left:7px;">country comparison to the world: 96 <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/communications/telephones_main_lines_in_use_2012_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Telephones - main lines in use country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#telephones_mobile_cellular">Telephones - mobile cellular:</a></b><br> 3.198 million (2010) <br><span style="padding-left:7px;">country comparison to the world: 117 <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/communications/telephones_mobile_cellular_2012_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Telephones - mobile cellular country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#telephone_system">Telephone system:</a></b><br> <i>general assessment:</i> telecommunications network remains underdeveloped and progress toward improvement is slow; strict government control and censorship inhibits liberalization and modernization <br><i>domestic:</i> Turkmentelekom, in cooperation with foreign partners, has installed high speed fiber-optic lines and has upgraded most of the country's telephone exchanges and switching centers with new digital technology; combined fixed-line and mobile teledensity is about 40 per 100 persons but the expulsion of the country's primary mobile service provider, Russia's Mobile Telesystems, in December 2010 significantly reduced access to mobile phone service <br><i>international:</i> country code - 993; linked by fiber-optic cable and microwave radio relay to other CIS republics and to other countries by leased connections to the Moscow international gateway switch; an exchange in Ashgabat switches international traffic through Turkey via Intelsat; satellite earth stations - 1 Orbita and 1 Intelsat (2010) <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#broadcast_media">Broadcast media:</a></b><br> broadcast media is government controlled and censored; 7 state-owned TV and 4 state-owned radio networks; satellite dishes and programming provide an alternative to the state-run media; officials sometimes limit access to satellite TV by removing satellite dishes (2011) <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#internet_country_code">Internet country code:</a></b><br> .tm <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#internet_hosts">Internet hosts:</a></b><br> 794 (2010) <br><span style="padding-left:7px;">country comparison to the world: 175 <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/communications/internet_hosts_2012_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Internet hosts country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#internet_users">Internet users:</a></b><br> 80,400 (2009) <br><span style="padding-left:7px;">country comparison to the world: 165 <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/communications/internet_users_2012_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Internet users country ranks</u></a> ] </font> <p> <p> <BR> <P> <font size = "-2"><B> NOTE: The information regarding Turkmenistan on this page is re-published from the 2012 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Turkmenistan Communications 2012 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Turkmenistan Communications 2012 should be addressed to the CIA. </B></font> </P> <br> <hr> <a href="#" onClick="AddToFaves_hp()"><img src="http://www.theodora.com/images/bookmark_banner.gif" align="left" width="176" height="52" border="0"></a><font color=brown> - Please bookmark this page (add it to your favorites). <br> - If you wish to <b>link</b> to this page, you can do so by referring to the URL address below this line.</font> <hr> http://www.theodora.com/wfbcurrent/turkmenistan/turkmenistan_communications.html <br><br> This page was last modified 06-Mar-12 <br> Copyright &copy 1995-2012 <a href="http://www.theodora.com/ita.html">ITA</a> all rights reserved. <br> </td> <td width=200 valign="top" align="left" background="http://www.theodora.com/wfb2008/images/light_blue.gif"> <!-- SiteSearch Google --> <br> <form action="http://www.google.com/cse" id="cse-search-box"> <div> <input type="hidden" name="cx" value="partner-pub-7437757543052749:i8v5yg-obf2" /> <input type="hidden" name="ie" value="ISO-8859-1" /> <input type="text" name="q" size="26" /> <input type="submit" name="sa" value="Search" /> </div> </form> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://www.google.com/cse/brand?form=cse-search-box&lang=en"></script> <!-- End SiteSearch Google --> <font size="2" face="arial"> <b> <ul> <li><a href="http://www.theodora.com/wfb">|Main INDEX|</a> <li><a href="../index.html">2012 INDEX</a> <li><a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/index.html">Country Ranks</a> <li><a href="http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html">DEFINITIONS</a> <br><br> <a href="index.html">Turkmenistan Index 2012</a> <br><br> <a href="http://www.theodora.com/wfbcurrent/turkmenistan/index.html">Turkmenistan Main Index</a> <li><a href="turkmenistan_introduction.html">Introduction</a> <li><a href="http://workmall.com/wfb2001/turkmenistan/turkmenistan_history_index.html">History</a> <li><a href="http://www.photius.com/countries/turkmenistan/geography/index.html">Geography</a> <li><a href="http://www.photius.com/countries/turkmenistan/climate/turkmenistan_climate_climate.html">Climate</a> <li>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="http://www.theodora.com/maps">Maps</a><br> <li><a href="http://www.photius.com/countries/turkmenistan/society/index.html">People</a><br> </b> &nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="http://www.photius.com/religion">Religion</a> <b><li><a href="http://www.photius.com/countries/turkmenistan/government/index.html">Government</a><br></B> &nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="turkmenistan_chiefs.html"> Gov. 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