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Page last updated on February 20, 2013
Nationality:
noun: Uruguayan(s)
adjective:
Uruguayan
Ethnic groups:
white 88%, mestizo 8%, black 4%, Amerindian (practically nonexistent)
Languages:
Spanish (official), Portunol, Brazilero (Portuguese-Spanish mix on the Brazilian frontier)
Religions:
Roman Catholic 47.1%, non-Catholic Christians 11.1%, nondenominational 23.2%, Jewish 0.3%, atheist or agnostic 17.2%, other 1.1% (2006)
Demographic profile:
Uruguay rates high for most development indicators and is known for its secularism, liberal social laws, and well-developed social security, health, and educational systems. It is one of the few countries in Latin America and the Caribbean where the entire population has access to clean water. Uruguay's provision of free primary through university education has contributed to the country's high levels of literacy and educational attainment. However, the emigration of human capital has diminished the state's return on its investment in education. Remittances from the roughly 18% of Uruguayans abroad amount to less than 1 percent of national GDP. The emigration of young adults and a low birth rate are causing Uruguay's population to age rapidly.
In the 1960s, Uruguayans for the first time emigrated en masse - primarily to Argentina and Brazil - because of economic decline and the onset of more than a decade of military dictatorship. Economic crises in the early 1980s and 2002 also triggered waves of emigration, but since 2002 more than 70% of Uruguayan emigrants have selected the US and Spain as destinations because of better job prospects. Uruguay had a tiny population upon its independence in 1828 and welcomed thousands of predominantly Italian and Spanish immigrants, but the country has not experienced large influxes of new arrivals since the aftermath of World War II. More recent immigrants include Peruvians and Arabs.
Population:
3,316,328 (July 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 134
[see also: Population country ranks ]
Age structure:
0-14 years: 21.8% (male 367,169/female 354,775)
[see also: Age structure 0-14 years country ranks ]
15-24 years:
15.9% (male 267,921/female 260,825)
25-54 years:
38.7% (male 631,387/female 653,493)
55-64 years:
9.8% (male 152,254/female 171,810)
65 years and over:
13.8% (male 181,996/female 274,698) (2012 est.)
Median age:
total: 33.8 years
[see also: Median age - total country ranks ]
male:
32.2 years
female:
35.5 years (2012 est.)
Population growth rate:
0.24% (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 171
[see also: Population growth rate country ranks ]
Birth rate:
13.4 births/1,000 population (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 149
[see also: Birth rate country ranks ]
Death rate:
9.55 deaths/1,000 population (July 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 57
[see also: Death rate country ranks ]
Net migration rate:
-1.45 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 158
[see also: Net migration rate country ranks ]
Urbanization:
urban population: 92% of total population (2010)
[see also: Urbanization - urban population country ranks ]
rate of urbanization:
0.4% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
Major cities - population:
MONTEVIDEO (capital) 1.633 million (2009)
Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female
[see also: Sex ratio - at birth country ranks ]
under 15 years:
1.03 male(s)/female
15-64 years:
0.97 male(s)/female
65 years and over:
0.66 male(s)/female
total population:
0.93 male(s)/female (2011 est.)
Maternal mortality rate:
29 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)
country comparison to the world: 124
[see also: Maternal mortality rate country ranks ]
Infant mortality rate:
total: 9.44 deaths/1,000 live births
country comparison to the world: 148
male:
10.47 deaths/1,000 live births
female:
8.38 deaths/1,000 live births (2012 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 76.41 years
country comparison to the world: 74
male:
73.27 years
female:
79.66 years (2012 est.)
Total fertility rate:
1.87 children born/woman (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 147
[see also: Total fertility rate country ranks ]
Health expenditures:
7.4% of GDP (2009)
country comparison to the world: 66
[see also: Health expenditures country ranks ]
Physicians density:
3.736 physicians/1,000 population (2008)
[see also: Physicians density country ranks ]
Hospital bed density:
2.9 beds/1,000 population (2007)
[see also: Hospital bed density country ranks ]
Sanitation facility access:
improved:
urban: 100% of population
rural: 99% of population
total: 100% of population
unimproved:
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