Summary for the public
What is Nobilis Influenza H5N2?Nobilis Influenza H5N2 is a vaccine containing an inactivated avian influenza virus H5N2 (inactivated means that the virus has been killed so that it cannot cause the disease any more).
What is Nobilis Influenza H5N2 used for?Nobilis Influenza H5N2 is a vaccine used in chickens to protect against avian influenza. The vaccine reduces the signs of flu and the excretion (shedding) of the virus by the infected birds. The vaccine is injected intramuscularly (into a muscle) or subcutaneously (under the skin).
The vaccine will only be used as part of an approved national disease control programme. This is because control of avian influenza is the responsibility of national veterinary authorities in consultation with the European Commission.
How does Nobilis Influenza H5N2 work?Nobilis Influenza H5N2 is a vaccine. When it is given to chickens, the birds’ immune system (their natural defence mechanism) learns how to make antibodies (a special type of protein) to fight the disease. In the future, if the birds are exposed to the avian flu virus, the immune system will be able to make those antibodies quicker and this will help them fight the disease.
The virus used for the vaccine carries the H5 (haemagglutinin 5) and N2 (neuramidase 2) antigens. This means that vaccinated birds make antibodies against these two antigens. This strain has been chosen because it protects birds against virulent H5N1 field strains (cross-protection), while allowing differentiation of vaccinated from infected birds. Vaccinated birds can be differentiated from infected birds by a diagnostic test for antibodies against the N2 component. This differentiation is important for disease surveillance and control.
How has Nobilis Influenza H5N2 been studied?The company carried out laboratory safety studies using a vaccine very similar to Nobilis Influenza H5N2. This vaccine has some of the same ingredients but different antigens (viruses), two of which are produced using the same process to that used for the avian influenza antigen of Nobilis Influenza. They also tested the safety of three standard production batches of Nobilis Influenza H5N2.
Studies were carried out in one-day-old and 2 to 4 week-old chickens free of any infection. The data on the effectiveness of the vaccine was based on published scientific papers and internal company reports. They included studies in other avian species (ducks, turkeys, pheasants), and studies using either the subcutaneous or intramuscular routes.
The vaccine was assessed in the context of an emergency situation which means that further studies with Nobilis H5N2 are still ongoing and will be assessed.
What benefit has Nobilis Influenza H5N2 shown during the studies?The results of the safety studies indicated that the product is safe for chickens. When compared, the subcutaneous and intramuscular routes were shown to produce the same responses.
- The vaccine has been shown to prevent clinical signs and mortality and reduce virus shedding in infected chickens.
- The vaccine is able to induce antibodies in a wide range of birds.
- If the circulating avian influenza field virus has a different N component to the N2 included in the vaccine, it may be possible to differentiate between vaccinated from infected birds by using a diagnostic test to detect Neuraminidase antibodies.
What is the risk associated with Nobilis Influenza H5N2?In common with many adjuvanted vaccines swelling may occur at the vaccination site which may last for about 14 days.
What are the precautions for the person who gives the medicine or comes into contact with the animal?The vaccine contains a mineral oil. The person who gives the vaccine should be careful to avoid accidental self injection.
What is the time to allow before the animal can be slaughtered and the meat used for human consumption (withdrawal period)?Zero days
The vaccine does not contain any ingredients that are likely to pose a risk for consumers of vaccinated birds.
Why has Nobilis Influenza H5N2 been approved?The Committee for Medicinal Products for Veterinary use concluded that the vaccine has been shown to be effective in preventing clinical disease in poultry and could be a useful tool in controlling an outbreak of avian influenza infection. Because of the current epidemiological situation of avian influenza and the consequent threat to both human and animal health the committee recommended the granting of a Marketing Authorisation. The benefit-risk balance may be found in module 6 of this EPAR.
Nobilis Influenza H5N2 has been authorised under “Exceptional Circumstances”. This means that it has yet not been possible to obtain complete information about the product. The European Medicines Agency (EMEA) will review additional information that will become available according to an agreed timetable and this summary will be updated as necessary.
Other information about Nobilis Influenza H5N2The European Commission granted a marketing authorisation valid throughout the European Union, for Nobilis Influenza H5N2 to Intervet International BV on 01/09/2006.
Authorisation details
Name: Nobilis Influenza H5N2 |
EMEA Product number: EMEA/V/C/000118 |
Active substance: Inactivated whole avian influenza virus antigen of H5N2 subtype (strain A/duck/Potsdam/1402/86) |
INN or common name: Adjuvanted inactivated vaccine against Avian Influenza virus type A, subtype H5 |
Species: Chicken |
ATCvet Code: QI01AA23 |
Accelerated procedure: Accelerated procedures are intended to speed up access to new medicines of major public-health interest. Eligible products must either responds to unmet medical needs or constitute a significant improvement over the available methods of prevention, diagnosis or treatment of a condition. |
Exceptional Circumstances: There were "exceptional circumstances" concerning the approval of this medicine. This happens when the applicant can show that they are unable to provide comprehensive data on the efficacy and safety of the medicine for which authorisation is being sought, due to the rarity of the condition it is intended for, limited scientific knowledge in the area concerned, or ethical considerations involved in the collection of such data. |
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Marketing Authorisation Holder: Intervet International BV |
Revision: 5 |
Date of issue of Market Authorisation valid throughout the European Union: 01/09/2006 |
Contact address: Intervet International B.V.
Wim de Körverstraat 35
5831 AN Boxmeer
The Netherlands
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