Summary for the public
What is Zulvac 1+8 Ovis?Zulvac 1+8 Ovis is a vaccine. It is a suspension for injection that contains inactivated bluetongue serotypes 1 and 8 viruses.
What is Zulvac 1+8 Ovis used for?Zulvac 1+8 Ovis is used in sheep to protect them against bluetongue disease. Bluetongue disease is an infection that is transmitted by midges and caused by the bluetongue virus (serotypes 1 and 8). The vaccine is used to prevent viraemia (the presence of viruses in the blood) in sheep from one and a half months of age.
The vaccine is given to young animals as two injections under the skin. The first injection is given from one and a half months age and the second injection is given three weeks later.
The vaccine will only be used as part of an approved national disease control programme. This is because control of bluetongue is the responsibility of national veterinary authorities in consultation with the European Commission.
How does Zulvac 1+8 Ovis work?Zulvac 1+8 Ovis is a vaccine. Vaccines work by ‘teaching’ the immune system (the body’s natural defences) how to defend itself against a disease. Zulvac 1+8 Ovis contains bluetongue viruses that have been inactivated (killed) so that they cannot cause the disease. When it is given to sheep and cattle, the animals’ immune system recognises the viruses as ‘foreign’ and makes antibodies against the virus. In the future, if the animals are exposed to the bluetongue virus, the immune system will be able to produce antibodies more quickly. This will help to protect against the disease.
Zulvac 1+8 Ovis contains bluetongue virus of two types (‘serotype 1’ and ‘serotype 8’). The vaccine also contains ‘adjuvants’ (aluminium hydroxide and saponin) to enhance the immune response.
How has Zulvac 1+8 Ovis been studied?The safety of the vaccine was studied in two main laboratory safety studies carried out in sheep (overdose and single and repeated administration) and two studies carried out in pregnant ewes. The vaccine was generally well tolerated as demonstrated by the absence of major systemic reactions.
The efficacy of the vaccine was studied in four main laboratory trials in sheep of young age where animals were challenged with both BTV-1 and BTV-8 serotypes using Zulvac 1-8 Ovis vaccines containing low antigen quantities.
The vaccine was assessed in the context of an emergency situation which means that further studies with Zulvac 1+8 Ovis are still ongoing and will be assessed.
What benefit has Zulvac 1+8 Ovis shown during the studies?The studies showed that the vaccine is safe for sheep and it prevents viraemia caused by bluetongue Virus, serotypes 1 and 8 in animals from one and a half months of age.
The studies also showed that the vaccine can be used in pregnant sheep.
What is the risk associated with Zulvac 1+8 Ovis?Sheep may show a temporary increase in body temperature, not more than 1.2°C in the 24 hours following vaccination. There may be a local reaction at the injection site, such as swelling (lasting no more than seven days) or nodules (hardening under the skin, possibly lasting more than six or seven weeks).
What is the time to allow before the animal can be slaughtered and the meat used for human consumption (withdrawal period)?The withdrawal period is zero days.
What is the time to allow before milk can be taken from the animal for human consumption?Milk can be taken immediately.
Why has Zulvac 1+8 Ovis been approved?The CVMP concluded that the benefits of Zulvac 1+8 Ovis outweigh the risks for the active immunisation of sheep from 1.5 months of age for the prevention of viraemia caused by bluetongue virus, serotypes 1 and 8 and recommended that Zulvac 1+8 Ovis should be given a marketing authorisation. The benefit-risk balance may be found in module 6 of this EPAR.
Zulvac 1+8 Ovis has been authorised under ‘Exceptional Circumstances’. This means that it has not been possible to obtain complete information about Zulvac 1+8 Ovis. Every year, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) will review additional information that will become available according to an agreed timetable and this summary will be updated as necessary.
Which information is still awaited for Zulvac 1+8 Ovis?The company that makes Zulvac 1+8 Ovis will submit further data in particular relating to the stability of the vaccine, in process control tests, the efficacy of antimicrobial preservation and a test to quantify the saponin content in the finished product.
The company will also supply regular updates on the use and the safety of the vaccine.
An action plan together with timelines for addressing the issues that need to be resolved before the authorisation can revert to normal status will also be submitted.
Other information about Zulvac 1+8 OvisThe European Commission granted a marketing authorisation valid throughout the European Union, for Zulvac 1+8 Ovis to Pfizer Limited on 14/03/2011. Information on the prescription status of this product may be found on the label/outer package.
Authorisation details
Name: Zulvac 1+8 Ovis |
EMEA Product number: EMEA/V/C/002251 |
Active substance: BTv 1 antigen, Btv8 antigen |
INN or common name: Inactivated Bluetongue serotype 1+8 vaccine |
Species: Sheep |
ATCvet Code: QI04AA02 |
Exceptional Circumstances: There were "exceptional circumstances" concerning the approval of this medicine. This happens when the applicant can show that they are unable to provide comprehensive data on the efficacy and safety of the medicine for which authorisation is being sought, due to the rarity of the condition it is intended for, limited scientific knowledge in the area concerned, or ethical considerations involved in the collection of such data. |
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Marketing Authorisation Holder: Pfizer Ltd |
Revision: 0 |
Date of issue of Market Authorisation valid throughout the European Union: 14/03/2011 |
Contact address: Pfizer Ltd
Ramsgate Road
Sandwich
Kent
CT13 9NJ
United Kingdom
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