Medical Dictionary

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quercus (kwer′kus)
The bark of Q. alba, white oak or stone oak; formerly used as an astringent. [L. oak]

querulent (kwer′u-lent)
Denoting one who is ever suspicious, always opposing any suggestion, complaining of ill treatment and of being slighted or misunderstood, easily enraged, and dissatisfied; characteristic of paranoid personalities. [L. querulus, complaining, fr. queror, to complain]

Quervain
Fritz de. See de Q..

questionnaire (kwes-chun-ar′)
A list of questions submitted orally or in writing to obtain personal information or statistically useful data. Holmes-Rahe q. a survey to measure in life change units the stressfulness of various life events such as an acute illness, bankruptcy, death of a loved one, etc.

Quetelet
Lambert Alphonse Jacques, 1796–1857. Belgian astronomer and mathematician.

Queyrat
Auguste, French dermatologist, *1872. See erythroplasia of Q..

Quick
Armand J., U.S. physician, 1894–1978. See Q. method, Q. test.

quick (kwik)
1. Pregnant with a child whose fetal movements are recognizable. 2. A sensitive part, painful to touch. [A.S. cwic, living]

quickening (kwik′en-ing)
Signs of life felt by the mother as a result of fetal movements, usually noted from 16 to 20 weeks of pregnancy. [A.S. cwic, living]

quicklime (kwik′lim)
Unslaked lime. See lime (2) .

quicksilver (kwik′sil′ver)
SYN: mercury.

quiescent (kwi-es′ent)
At rest or inactive.

quin-2
(2-[(2-bis-[carboxymethyl]aono-5-methoxyphenyl)-methyl-6- methoxy-8-bis[carboxymethyl]aminoquinoline);a fluorescent compound that binds Ca++ tightly. The wavelengths of light that cause fluorescence when Ca++ is bound are longer than the wavelengths that cause fluorescence when Ca++ is not bound. When excited at two different wavelengths, the ratio of the fluorescence intensities at the two wavelengths gives the ratio of the concentrations of bound to free Ca++. Free q. concentration can be measured precisely, so free Ca++ concentration can be calculated precisely. Q. may be injected into cells to measure moment-to-moment changes in intracellular Ca++ concentration. SEE ALSO: aequorin, fura-2.

quin-, quino-
Root of quinoline and quinone, hence used in many names of substances containing these structures ( e.g., quinine, quinol).

quina (ke′na, kwe′na)
SYN: cinchona. [Sp., fr. Peruv. q. or kina, cinchona]

quinacrine hydrochloride (kwin′a-kren, -krin)
An acridine derivative, used as an antimalarial that destroys the trophozoites of Plasmodium vivax and P. falciparum, but does not affect the gametocytes, sporozoites, or exoerythrocytic stage of parasites; also used as an anthelmintic. As a dihydrochloride, it is used as a stain in cytogenetics to demonstrate Y chromatin by fluorescent microscopy. Q. intercalates with DNA and also uncouples oxidation and photophosphorylation. SYN: atabrine hydrochloride, mepacrine hydrochloride.

quinaldic acid (kwin-al′dik)
Quinoline-2-carboxylic acid;a product of l-tryptophan catabolism, via kynurenic acid, found in human urine. SYN: quinaldinic acid.

quinaldine red (kwin′al-den)
A styrene-quinolinium iodide; used as a pH indicator (turns red at pH 3.2) in a 1% ethanol solution.

quinaldinic acid (kwin-al-din′ik)
SYN: quinaldic acid.

quinaquina (ke′na-ke′na, kwin′a-kwin′a)
SYN: cinchona. [a reduplication of Sp. quina, cinchona]

quinate (kwi′nat, kwin′at)
A salt or ester of quinic acid. q. dehydrogenase an oxidoreductase catalyzing reaction of q. and NAD+ to form 3-dehydroquinate and NADH.

quinazolines (kwin-a-zol′ens)
A class of alkaloids that are derived biosynthetically from anthranilic acid.

quince (kwints)
The edible fruit of Cydonia oblongata (family Rosaceae); the seeds have demulcent properties.

Quincke
Heinrich I., German physician, 1842–1922. See Q. pulse, Q. puncture, Q. sign.

quinestradiol, quinestradol (kwin′es-tra-di′ol, kwin-es′tra-dol)
An estrogen.

quinestrol (kwin-es′trol)
The 3-cyclopentyl ether of ethinyl estradiol; used as the estrogenic component in oral contraceptive preparations; the compound is stored in fat and can be taken weekly; an estrogen.

quinethazone (kwin-eth′a-zon)
A diuretic and antihypertensive agent.

quingestanol acetate (kwin-jes′ta-nol)
A progestational agent.

quinhydrone (kwin-hi′dron)
A mixture of equimolecular quantities of quinone and hydroquinone; used in pH determinations ( i.e., via a q. electrode).

quinic acid (kwin′ik)
l-q.;the (−) isomer is an acid found in cinchona bark and elsewhere in plants; 5-dehydroquinic acid is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of l-phenylalanine, l-tyrosine, and l-tryptophan from carbohydrate precursors; q. forms a γ-lactone upon heating. SYN: kinic acid.

quinidine (kwin′i-den, -din)
β-Quinine;one of the alkaloids of cinchona, a stereoisomer of quinine (the C-9 epimer); used as an antimalarial; also used in the treatment of atrial fibrillation and flutter, and paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia. SYN: conquinine. q. polygalacturonate a salt of q. that may be used in place of q. sulfate; antiarrhythmic agent. See q. sulfate. SEE ALSO: q.. q. sulfate the salt of q. that is customarily administered as a cardiac antiarrhythmic agent. The drug depresses myocardial conduction, contraction, automaticity and contraction; it also by a direct effect impairs conduction through the atrioventricular node. Has vagolytic action that may increase heart rate. SEE ALSO: q..

quinine (kwi′nin, -nen, kwin′-in, -en)
The most important of the alkaloids derived from cinchona; an antimalarial effective against the asexual and erythrocytic forms of the parasite, but having no effect on the exoerythrocytic (tissue) forms. It does not produce a radical cure of malaria produced by Plasmodium vivax, P. malariae, or P. ovale, but is used in the treatment of cerebral malaria and other severe attacks of malignant tertian malaria, and in malaria produced by chloroquine-resistant strains of P. falciparum; it is also used as an antipyretic, analgesic, sclerosing agent, stomachic, and oxytocic (occasionally), and in the treatment of atrial fibrillation, myotonia congenita, and other myopathies. q. bisulfate the acid sulfate of q., very soluble in water. q. carbacrylic resin resin. q. ethylcarbonate an almost tasteless form of q. that is poorly absorbed from the intestinal tract. q. sulfate the most frequently prescribed salt of q.. q. and urea hydrochloride sclerosing agent for treatment of internal hemorrhoids, hydrocele, and varicose veins, containing not less than 58% and not more than 65% of anhydrous q.. q. urethan a mixture of urethan and q. hydrochloride; a sclerosing agent for the treatment of varicose veins.

quininism (kwi′ni-nizm, kwin′i-)
SYN: cinchonism.

Quinlan test
See under test.

quino-
See quin-.

quinocide hydrochloride (kwin′o-sid)
An antimalarial comparable to primaquine in effectiveness and scope.

quinol (kwin′ol)
SYN: hydroquinone.

quinoline (kwin′o-len, -lin)
1. Benzo[b]pyridine; 1-benzazine;a volatile nitrogenous base obtained by the distillation of coal tar, bones, alkaloids, etc.; a basic structure of many dyes and drugs; also used as an antimalarial. SYN: chinoleine, leucoline. 2. One of a class of alkaloids based on the q. (1) structure.

quinolinic acid (kwin-o-lin′ik)
A catabolite of l-tryptophan and a precursor of NAD+.

quinolinol (kwin-ol′in-ol)
SYN: 8-hydroxyquinoline.

quinolizidines (kwin-ol-i-za-dens)
A class of alkaloids based on the quinolizidine (norlupinane) structure.

quinology (kwin-ol′o-je)
The botany, chemistry, pharmacology, and therapeutics of cinchona and its alkaloids. [Sp. quina, cinchona, + G. logos, study]

quinolones (kwin′o-lonz)
A class of synthetic broad-spectrum antibacterial agents that exhibit bactericidal action ( e.g., ciprofloxacin). SYN: fluoroquinolone.

quinone (kwin′on, kwi′non)
1. General name for aromatic compounds bearing two oxygens in place of two hydrogens, usually in the para position; the oxidation product of a hydroquinone. 2. SYN: 1,4-benzoquinone (1) . q. reductase SYN: NADPH dehydrogenase (q.).

quinovose (kwin′o-vos)
SYN: d-epirhamnose.

quinquedigitate (kwin′kwe-dij′i-tat)
SYN: pentadactyl. [L. quinque, five, + digitus, digit]

quinquetubercular (kwin′kwe-too-ber′ku-lar)
Having five tubercles or cusps, as certain molar teeth. [L. quinque, five, + tuberculum, tubercle, dim. of tuber, a swelling]

quinquevalent (kwin-kwe-va′lent)
SYN: pentavalent. [L. quinque, five, + valentia, strength]

quinquina (kwin-kwi′na)
SYN: cinchona.

quinsy (kwin′ze)
Obsolete term for peritonsillar abscess. [M.E. quinsie (quinesie), a corruption of L. cynanche, sore throat] lingual q. phlegmonous inflammation of the lingual tonsil and neighboring structures.

quintan (kwin′tan)
Recurring every fifth day, including the first day of an episode in the computation, i.e., after a free interval of three days. [L. quintus, fifth]

quintuplet (kwin-tup′let)
One of five children born at one birth. [L. quintuplex, fivefold]

quinuclidinyl benzilate (QNB) (kwin-oo′-kli-di-nil ben′-zil-at)
A highly potent anticholinergic agent exhibiting 50- to 100-fold greater potency over atropine in binding with and blocking muscarinic cholinergic receptors. Originally developed as a potential military incapacitating agent, it is currently extensively used as a radioactive agent (usually tritiated &cbond;H3 &cbond;QNB) to identify and label muscarinic receptors in pharmacologic studies.

quisqualate (kwiz′kwa-lat)
An agonist at glutamate receptors of the amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-isoxazole-4-propionic acid (AMPA) type. The anion formed when quisqualic acid is dissolved in water. See quisqualic acid.

quisqualic acid (kwiz′kwa-lik)
Excitatory amino acid (EAA) obtained from the seeds of Quisqualis chinensis. Used to identify a specific subset of non–N-methyl D-aspartate (NMDA) EAA receptor; has anthelmintic properties.

quodque (q)
Each, every. [L.]

quotidian (kwo-tid′e-an)
Daily; occurring every day. [L. quotidianus, daily, fr. quot, as many as, + dies, day]

quotient (kwo′shent)
The number of times one amount is contained in another; the ratio of two numbers. SEE ALSO: index (2) , ratio. [L. quoties, how often] achievement q. a ratio, percentile rating, or related q. denoting the amount a child has learned in relation to peers of his or her age or level of education. Ayala q. SYN: Ayala index. cognitive laterality q. (CLQ) test for difference in cognitive performance of left and right sides of the brain. extremal q. the ratio of the rate in the jurisdiction with the highest rate of interventions such as surgical procedures to the rate in the jurisdiction with the lowest rate. intelligence q. (IQ) the psychologist's index of measured intelligence as one part of a two-part determination of intelligence, the other part being an index of adaptive behavior and including such criteria as school grades or work performance. IQ is a score, or similar quantitative index, used to denote a person's standing relative to age peers on a test of general ability, ordinarily expressed as a ratio between the person's score on a given test and the score that the average individual of comparable age attained on the same test, the ratio being computed by the psychologist or determined from a table of age norms, such as the various Wechsler intelligence scales. Meyerhof oxidation q. an index for the effect of oxygen on glycolysis and on fermentation ( I.E., on the Pasteur effect); equal to the rate of anaerobic fermentation minus the rate of aerobic respiration divided by the rate of oxygen uptake. P/O q. SYN: P/O ratio. protein q. the number obtained by dividing the quantity of globulin of the blood plasma by the quantity of albumin. respiratory q. (R.Q.) the steady-state ratio of carbon dioxide produced by tissue metabolism to oxygen consumed in the same metabolism; for the whole body, normally about 0.82 under basal conditions; in the steady state, the respiratory q. is equal to the respiratory exchange ratio. SYN: respiratory coefficient. spinal q. SYN: Ayala index.

quot. op. sit.
Abbreviation for quoties opus sit, as often as necessary.

q.v.
Abbreviation for [L] quantum> vis, as much as you wish.

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