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Angola Government 1996

Note:

Civil war has been the norm since independence from Portugal on 11 November 1975; a cease-fire lasted from 31 May 1991 until October 1992 when the insurgent National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA) refused to accept its defeat in internationally monitored elections and fighting resumed throughout much of the countryside. The two sides signed another peace accord on 20 November 1994; the cease-fire is generally holding but most provisions of the accord remain to be implemented.

Names:

conventional long form:

Republic of Angola

conventional short form:

Angola

local long form:

Republica de Angola

local short form:

Angola

former:

People's Republic of Angola

Digraph:

Type:

transitional government nominally a multiparty democracy with a strong presidential system

Capital:

Luanda

Administrative divisions:

18 provinces (provincias, singular - provincia); Bengo, Benguela, Bie, Cabinda, Cuando Cubango, Cuanza Norte, Cuanza Sul, Cunene, Huambo, Huila, Luanda, Lunda Norte, Lunda Sul, Malanje, Moxico, Namibe, Uige, Zaire

Independence:

11 November 1975 (from Portugal)

National holiday:

Independence Day, 11 November (1975)

Constitution:

11 November 1975; revised 7 January 1978, 11 August 1980, 6 March 1991, and 26 August 1992

Legal system:

based on Portuguese civil law system and customary law; recently modified to accommodate political pluralism and increased use of free markets

Suffrage:

18 years of age; universal

Executive branch:

chief of state:

President Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS (since 21 September 1979)

head of government:

Prime Minister Marcolino Jose Carlos MOCO (since 2 December 1992)

cabinet:

Council of Ministers; appointed by the president

Legislative branch:

unicameral

National Assembly (Assembleia Nacional):

first nationwide, multiparty elections were held 29-30 September 1992 with disputed results

Judicial branch:

Supreme Court (Tribunal da Relacao)

Political parties and leaders:

Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA), led by Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS, is the ruling party and has been in power since 1975; National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA), led by Jonas SAVIMBI, is a legal party despite its history of armed resistance to the government; five minor parties have small numbers of seats in the National Assembly

Other political or pressure groups:

Cabindan State Liberation Front (FLEC), N'ZITA Tiago, leader of largest faction (FLEC-FAC)

note:

FLEC is waging a small-scale, highly factionalized, armed struggle for the independence of Cabinda Province

Member of:

ACP, AfDB, CCC, CEEAC (observer), ECA, FAO, FLS, G-77, GATT, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, IOM, ITU, NAM, OAS (observer), OAU, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Diplomatic representation in US:

chief of mission:

Ambassador Jose Goncalves Martins PATRICIO

embassy:

1819 L Street NW, Washington, DC 20036, Suite 400

telephone:

[1] (202) 785-1156

FAX:

[1] (202) 785-1258

US diplomatic representation:

chief of mission:

Ambassador Edmund T. DE JARNETTE

embassy:

32 Rua Houari Boumedienne, Miramar, Luanda

mailing address:

C.P. 6484, Luanda; American Embassy, Luanda, Department of State, Washington, D.C. 20521-2550 (pouch)

telephone:

[244] (2) 345-481, 346-418

FAX:

[244] (2) 347-884

Flag:

two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and black with a centered yellow emblem consisting of a five-pointed star within half a cogwheel crossed by a machete (in the style of a hammer and sickle)

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