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Malaysia Government 1996

    • Names:

        conventional long form:
        none

        conventional short form:
        Malaysia

        former:
        Malayan Union

    • Digraph:
      MY

    • Type:
      constitutional monarchy

        note:
        Federation of Malaysia formed 9 July 1963; nominally headed by the paramount ruler (king) and a bicameral Parliament; Peninsular Malaysian states - hereditary rulers in all but Melaka, where governors are appointed by Malaysian Pulau Pinang Government; powers of state governments are limited by federal Constitution; Sabah - self-governing state, holds 20 seats in House of Representatives, with foreign affairs, defense, internal security, and other powers delegated to federal government; Sarawak - self-governing state, holds 27 seats in House of Representatives, with foreign affairs, defense, internal security, and other powers delegated to federal government

    • Capital:
      Kuala Lumpur

    • Administrative divisions:
      13 states (negeri-negeri, singular - negeri) and 2 federal territories* (wilayah-wilayah persekutuan, singular - wilayah persekutuan); Johor, Kedah, Kelantan, Labuan*, Melaka, Negeri Sembilan, Pahang, Perak, Perlis, Pulau Pinang, Sabah, Sarawak, Selangor, Terengganu, Wilayah Persekutuan*

    • Independence:
      31 August 1957 (from UK)

    • National holiday:
      National Day, 31 August (1957)

    • Constitution:
      31 August 1957, amended 16 September 1963

    • Legal system:
      based on English common law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court at request of supreme head of the federation; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

    • Suffrage:
      21 years of age; universal

    • Executive branch:

        chief of state:
        Paramount Ruler JA'AFAR ibni Abdul Rahman (since 26 April 1994); Deputy Paramount Ruler SALAHUDDIN ibni Hisammuddin Alam Shah (since 26 April 1994)

        head of government:
        Prime Minister Dr. MAHATHIR bin Mohamad (since 16 July 1981); Deputy Prime Minister ANWAR bin Ibrahim (since 1 December 1993)

        cabinet:
        Cabinet; appointed by the Paramount Ruler from members of parliament

    • Legislative branch:
      bicameral Parliament (Parlimen)

        Senate (Dewan Negara):
        consists of 58 members, 32 appointed by the paramount ruler and 26 elected by the state legislatures (2 from each state) for six-year terms; elections last held NA (next to be held NA); results - NA

        House of Representatives (Dewan Rakyat):
        consists of 180 members, elected for five-year terms; elections last held 21 October 1990 (next to be held by December 1995); results - National Front 52%, other 48%; seats - (180 total) National Front 127, DAP 20, PAS 7, independents 4, other 22; note - within the National Front, UMNO won 71 seats and MCA won 18 seats

    • Judicial branch:
      Supreme Court

    • Political parties and leaders:

        Peninsular Malaysia:
        National Front, a confederation of 13 political parties dominated by United Malays National Organization Baru (UMNO Baru), MAHATHIR bin Mohamad; Malaysian Chinese Association (MCA), LING Liong Sik; Gerakan Rakyat Malaysia, LIM Keng Yaik; Malaysian Indian Congress (MIC), S. Samy VELLU

        Sabah:
        National Front, SALLEH Said Keruak, Sabah Chief Minister, Sakaran DANDAI, head of Sabah State; United Sabah National Organizaton (USNO), leader NA

        Sarawak:
        coalition Sarawak National Front composed of the Party Pesaka Bumiputra Bersatu (PBB), Datuk Patinggi Amar Haji Abdul TAIB Mahmud; Sarawak United People's Party (SUPP), Datuk Amar James WONG Soon Kai; Sarawak National Party (SNAP), Datuk Amar James WONG; Parti Bansa Dayak Sarawak (PBDS), Datuk Leo MOGGIE; major opposition parties are Democratic Action Party (DAP), LIM Kit Siang and Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (PAS), Fadzil NOOR

    • Member of:
      APEC, AsDB, ASEAN, C, CCC, CP, ESCAP, FAO, G-15, G-77, GATT, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, INMARSAT, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, ISO, ITU, MINURSO, NAM, OIC, UN, UNAVEM II, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNOMIL, UNOMOZ, UNOSOM, UNPROFOR, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

    • Diplomatic representation in US:

        chief of mission:
        Ambassador Abdul MAJID bin Mohamed

        chancery:
        2401 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008

        telephone:
        [1] (202) 328-2700

        FAX:
        [1] (202) 483-7661

        consulate(s) general:
        Los Angeles and New York

    • US diplomatic representation:

        chief of mission:
        Ambassador John S. WOLF

        embassy:
        376 Jalan Tun Razak, 50400 Kuala Lumpur

        mailing address:
        P. O. Box No. 10035, 50700 Kuala Lumpur; APO AP 96535-8152

        telephone:
        [60] (3) 2489011

        FAX:
        [60] (3) 2422207

    • Flag:
      fourteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top) alternating with white (bottom); there is a blue rectangle in the upper hoist-side corner bearing a yellow crescent and a yellow fourteen-pointed star; the crescent and the star are traditional symbols of Islam; the design was based on the flag of the US






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