ÿþ<html> <head> <title> European Union Geography 2012, CIA World Factbook </title> <META NAME="Description" CONTENT="European Union Geography 2012, CIA World Factbook"> <META NAME="keywords" CONTENT="European Union, Geography, 2012, CIA, World, Factbook"> <script language="JavaScript"> function AddToFaves_hp(){ var is_4up = parseInt(navigator.appVersion); var is_mac = navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf("mac")!=-1; var is_ie = navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf("msie")!=-1; var thePage = location.href; if (thePage.lastIndexOf('#')!=-1) thePage = thePage.substring(0,thePage.lastIndexOf('#')); if (is_ie && is_4up && !is_mac) window.external.AddFavorite(thePage,document.title); else if (is_ie || document.images) booker_hp = window.open(thePage,'booker_','menubar,width=325,height=100,left=140,top=60'); //booker_hp.focus(); } //--> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js'; 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/* WFB Leaderboard */ google_ad_slot = "7548094546"; google_ad_width = 728; google_ad_height = 90; //--> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script> </td></tr> <tr height="3" align="left" valign="top" bgcolor="white" nowrap units="pixels"><td colspan="2" align="left" valign="top" height="3" width="972" nowrap bgcolor="white" nowrap> <img src="http://www.theodora.com/wfb2008/images/line1.gif"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" align="middle" background="http://www.theodora.com/wfb2008/images/light_blue.gif" width="972"> <font size="-2"> <br></font> <font face="arial" size="5"><b>European Union</b> Geography 2012</font> <br> <font size = "-2"> http://www.theodora.com/wfbcurrent/european_union/european_union_geography.html </font> <br> <font size="-2"><B>SOURCE: 2012 CIA WORLD FACTBOOK AND OTHER SOURCES</B></FONT></td></tr> <tr height="3" align="left" valign="top" bgcolor="white" nowrap units="pixels"> <td colspan="2" align="left" valign="top" height="3" width="972" nowrap bgcolor="white" nowrap> <img src="http://www.theodora.com/wfb2008/images/line13.gif"></td></tr></table> <table border="0" bgcolor="#FFCC99" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="972" align="left" valign="top" hspace="0" vspace="0" units="pixels"> <tr><td background="http://www.theodora.com/wfb2008/images/light_blue.gif" width="200" valign="top"> <font face="arial"> <br><br> <center> <script type="text/javascript"><!-- google_ad_client = "ca-pub-7437757543052749"; 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/* WFB Large Rectangle */ google_ad_slot = "8137512903"; google_ad_width = 336; google_ad_height = 280; //--> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script> <br> Page last updated on February 21, <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#location">Location:</a></b><br> Europe between the North Atlantic Ocean in the west and Russia, Belarus, and Ukraine to the east <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/maps/">Map references</a>: </b><br> Europe</a> <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#area">Area:</a></b><br> <i>total:</i> 4,324,782 sq km <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/geography/total_area_sq_km_2012_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Area - total country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#area_comparative">Area - comparative:</a></b><br> less than one-half the size of the US <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#land_boundaries">Land boundaries:</a></b><br> <i>total:</i> 12,440.8 km <br><i>border countries:</i> Albania 282 km, Andorra 120.3 km, Belarus 1,050 km, Croatia 999 km, Holy See 3.2 km, Liechtenstein 34.9 km, Macedonia 394 km, Moldova 450 km, Monaco 4.4 km, Norway 2,348 km, Russia 2,257 km, San Marino 39 km, Serbia 945 km, Switzerland 1,811 km, Turkey 446 km, Ukraine 1,257 km <br><i> <em>note:</em></i> data for European Continent only <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/geography/land_boundaries_km_2012_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Land boundaries country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#coastline">Coastline:</a></b><br> 65,992.9 km <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/geography/coastline_2012_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Coastline country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#maritime_claims">Maritime claims:</a></b><br> NA <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#climate">Climate:</a></b><br> cold temperate; potentially subarctic in the north to temperate; mild wet winters; hot dry summers in the south <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#terrain">Terrain:</a></b><br> fairly flat along the Baltic and Atlantic coast; mountainous in the central and southern areas <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#elevation_extremes">Elevation extremes:</a></b><br> <i>lowest point:</i> Lammefjord, Denmark -7 m; Zuidplaspolder, Netherlands -7 m <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/geography/elevation_extremes_lowest_point_2012_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Elevation extremes - lowest point country ranks</u></a> ] <br><i>highest point:</i> Mont Blanc 4,807 m; note - situated on the border between France and Italy <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/geography/elevation_extremes_highest_point_2012_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Elevation extremes - highest point country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#natural_resources">Natural resources:</a></b><br> iron ore, natural gas, petroleum, coal, copper, lead, zinc, bauxite, uranium, potash, salt, hydropower, arable land, timber, fish <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#land_use">Land use:</a></b><br> <i>arable land:</i> NA <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/geography/land_use_arable_land_2012_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Land use - arable land country ranks</u></a> ] <br><i>permanent crops:</i> NA <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/geography/land_use_permanent_crops_2012_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Land use - permanent crops country ranks</u></a> ] <br><i>other:</i> NA <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/geography/land_use_other_2012_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Land use - other country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#irrigated_land">Irrigated land:</a></b><br> 182,913 sq km (2008 est.) <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/geography/irrigated_land_2012_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Irrigated land country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#natural_hazards">Natural hazards:</a></b><br> flooding along coasts; avalanches in mountainous area; earthquakes in the south; volcanic eruptions in Italy; periodic droughts in Spain; ice floes in the Baltic <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#environment_current_issues">Environment - current issues:</a></b><br> NA <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#environment_international_agreements">Environment - international agreements:</a></b><br> <i>party to:</i> Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94 <br><i>signed but not ratified:</i> Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds </font> <p> <p> <BR> <P> <font size = "-2"><B> NOTE: The information regarding European Union on this page is re-published from the 2012 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of European Union Geography 2012 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about European Union Geography 2012 should be addressed to the CIA. </B></font> </P> <br> <hr> <a href="#" onClick="AddToFaves_hp()"><img src="http://www.theodora.com/images/bookmark_banner.gif" align="left" width="176" height="52" border="0"></a><font color=brown> - Please bookmark this page (add it to your favorites). <br> - If you wish to <b>link</b> to this page, you can do so by referring to the URL address below this line.</font> <hr> http://www.theodora.com/wfbcurrent/european_union/european_union_geography.html <br><br> This page was last modified 06-Mar-12 <br> Copyright &copy 1995-2012 <a href="http://www.theodora.com/ita.html">ITA</a> all rights reserved. <br> </td> <td width=200 valign="top" align="left" background="http://www.theodora.com/wfb2008/images/light_blue.gif"> <!-- SiteSearch Google --> <br> <form action="http://www.google.com/cse" id="cse-search-box"> <div> <input type="hidden" name="cx" value="partner-pub-7437757543052749:i8v5yg-obf2" /> <input type="hidden" name="ie" value="ISO-8859-1" /> <input type="text" name="q" size="26" /> <input type="submit" name="sa" value="Search" /> </div> </form> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://www.google.com/cse/brand?form=cse-search-box&lang=en"></script> <!-- End SiteSearch Google --> <font size="2" face="arial"> <b> <ul> <li><a href="http://www.theodora.com/wfb">|Main INDEX|</a> <li><a href="../index.html">2012 INDEX</a> <li><a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/index.html">Country Ranks</a> <li><a href="http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html">DEFINITIONS</a> <br><br> <a href="index.html">European Union Index 2012</a> <br><br> <a href="http://www.theodora.com/wfbcurrent/european_union/index.html">European Union Main Index</a> <li><a href="european_union_introduction.html">Introduction</a> <li><a href="european_union_geography.html">Geography</a> <li>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="http://www.theodora.com/maps">Maps</a><br> <li><a href="european_union_people.html">People</a><br> </b> &nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="http://www.photius.com/religion">Religion</a> <b><li><a href="european_union_government.html">Government</a><br></B> &nbsp;&nbsp; Gov. 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