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Kenya Geography 1996

Location:

Eastern Africa, bordering the Indian Ocean, between Somalia and Tanzania

Map references:

Africa

Area:

total area:

582,650 sq km

land area:

569,250 sq km

comparative area:

slightly more than twice the size of Nevada

Land boundaries:

total 3,446 km, Ethiopia 830 km, Somalia 682 km, Sudan 232 km, Tanzania 769 km, Uganda 933 km

Coastline:

536 km

Maritime claims:

continental shelf:

200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation

exclusive economic zone:

200 nm

territorial sea:

12 nm

International disputes:

administrative boundary with Sudan does not coincide with international boundary; possible claim by Somalia based on unification of ethnic Somalis

Climate:

varies from tropical along coast to arid in interior

Terrain:

low plains rise to central highlands bisected by Great Rift Valley; fertile plateau in west

Natural resources:

gold, limestone, soda ash, salt barytes, rubies, fluorspar, garnets, wildlife

Land use:

arable land:

permanent crops:

meadows and pastures:

forest and woodland:

other:

85%

Irrigated land:

520 sq km (1989)

Environment:

current issues:

water pollution from urban and industrial wastes; degradation of water quality from increased use of pesticides and fertilizers; deforestation; soil erosion; desertification; poaching

natural hazards:

international agreements:

party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling; signed, but not ratified - Desertification

Note:

the Kenyan Highlands comprise one of the most successful agricultural production regions in Africa; glaciers on Mt. Kenya; unique physiography supports abundant and varied wildlife of scientific and economic value

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