ÿþ<html> <head> <title> Bahrain Economy 2013, CIA World Factbook </title> <META NAME="Description" CONTENT="Bahrain Economy 2013, CIA World Factbook"> <META NAME="keywords" CONTENT="Bahrain, Economy, 2013, CIA, World, Factbook"> <script language="JavaScript"> function AddToFaves_hp(){ var is_4up = parseInt(navigator.appVersion); var is_mac = navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf("mac")!=-1; var is_ie = navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf("msie")!=-1; var thePage = location.href; if (thePage.lastIndexOf('#')!=-1) thePage = thePage.substring(0,thePage.lastIndexOf('#')); if (is_ie && is_4up && !is_mac) window.external.AddFavorite(thePage,document.title); else if (is_ie || document.images) booker_hp = window.open(thePage,'booker_','menubar,width=325,height=100,left=140,top=60'); //booker_hp.focus(); } //--> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> (function() { var po = document.createElement('script'); po.type = 'text/javascript'; po.async = true; po.src = 'https://apis.google.com/js/plusone.js'; 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//728x90, created 1/28/08 google_ad_slot = "6589376789"; google_ad_width = 728; google_ad_height = 90; //--></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script> </td></tr> <tr height="3" align="left" valign="top" bgcolor="white" nowrap units="pixels"><td colspan="2" align="left" valign="top" height="3" width="972" nowrap bgcolor="white" nowrap> <img src="http://www.theodora.com/wfb2008/images/line1.gif"></td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2" align="middle" background="http://www.theodora.com/wfb2008/images/light_blue.gif" width="972"> <font size="-2"> <br></font> <font face="arial" size="5"><b>Bahrain</b> Economy 2013</font> <br> <font size = "-2"> http://www.theodora.com/wfbcurrent/bahrain/bahrain_economy.html </font> <br> <font size="-2"><B>SOURCE: 2013 CIA WORLD FACTBOOK AND OTHER SOURCES</B></FONT></td></tr> <tr height="3" align="left" valign="top" bgcolor="white" nowrap units="pixels"> <td colspan="2" align="left" valign="top" height="3" width="972" nowrap bgcolor="white" nowrap> <img src="http://www.theodora.com/wfb2008/images/line13.gif"></td></tr></table> <table border="0" bgcolor="#FFCC99" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="972" align="left" valign="top" hspace="0" vspace="0" units="pixels"> <tr><td background="http://www.theodora.com/wfb2008/images/light_blue.gif" width="200" valign="top"> <font face="arial"> <br><br> <center> <script type="text/javascript"><!-- google_ad_client = "pub-7437757543052749"; 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/* WFB Medium Rectangle */ google_ad_slot = "5200087626"; google_ad_width = 300; google_ad_height = 250; //--> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script> <br> Page last updated on February 13, 2013 <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#economy_overview">Economy - overview:</a></b><br> Bahrain is one of the most diversified economies in the Persian Gulf. Highly developed communication and transport facilities make Bahrain home to numerous multinational firms with business in the Gulf. As part of its diversification plans, Bahrain implemented a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with the US in August 2006, the first FTA between the US and a Gulf state. Bahrain's economy, however, continues to depend heavily on oil. Petroleum production and refining account for more than 60% of Bahrain's export receipts, 70% of government revenues, and 11% of GDP (exclusive of allied industries). Other major economic activities are production of aluminum - Bahrain's second biggest export after oil - finance, and construction. Bahrain competes with Malaysia as a worldwide center for Islamic banking and continues to seek new natural gas supplies as feedstock to support its expanding petrochemical and aluminum industries. In 2011 and continuing into 2012, Bahrain experienced economic setbacks as a result of domestic unrest. Bahrain's reputation as a financial hub of the Gulf has been damaged, and the country now risks losing financial institutions to other regional centers such as Dubai or Doha. Economic policies aimed at restoring confidence in Bahrain's economy, such as the suspension of an expatriate labor tax, will make Bahrain's foremost long-term economic challenges - youth unemployment and the growth of government debt - more difficult to address. <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#GDP">GDP</a> (purchasing power parity):</b><br> $32.44 billion (2012 est.) <br><span style="padding-left:7px;">country comparison to the world: 110 <div class="category_data" style="padding-top: 3px;">$31.81 billion (2011 est.) <div class="category_data" style="padding-top: 3px;">$31.16 billion (2010 est.) <br><i> <em>note:</em> </i>data are in 2012 US dollars <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/economy/gdp_purchasing_power_parity_2013_0.html" target="_blank"><u>GDP country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#gdp_official_exchange_rate">GDP (official exchange rate):</a></b><br> $26.51 billion (2012 est.) <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/economy/gdp_official_exchange_rate_2013_0.html" target="_blank"><u>GDP (official exchange rate) country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#gdp_real_growth_rate">GDP - real growth rate:</a></b><br> 2% (2012 est.) <br><span style="padding-left:7px;">country comparison to the world: 145 <div class="category_data" style="padding-top: 3px;">2.1% (2011 est.) <div class="category_data" style="padding-top: 3px;">4.7% (2010 est.) <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/economy/gdp_real_growth_rate_2013_0.html" target="_blank"><u>GDP - real growth rate country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#gdp_per_capita">GDP - per capita:</a></b><br> $28,200 (2012 est.) <br><span style="padding-left:7px;">country comparison to the world: 49 <div class="category_data" style="padding-top: 3px;">$28,200 (2011 est.) <div class="category_data" style="padding-top: 3px;">$28,200 (2010 est.) <br><i> <em>note:</em> </i>data are in 2012 US dollars <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/economy/gdp_per_capita_2013_0.html" target="_blank"><u>GDP - per capita country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#gdp_composition_by_sector">GDP - composition by sector:</a></b><br> <i>agriculture: </i>0.4% <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/economy/gdp_composition_by_sector_agriculture_2013_0.html" target="_blank"><u>GDP - composition by sector - agriculture country ranks</u></a> ] <br><i> industry: </i>50.7% <br><i> services: </i>48.9% (2012 est.) <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#labor_force">Labor force:</a></b><br> 705,900 <br><span style="padding-left:7px;">country comparison to the world: 152 <br><i> <em>note:</em> </i>44% of the population in the 15-64 age group is non-national (2012 est.) <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/economy/labor_force_2013_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Labor force country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#labor_force_by_occupation">Labor force - by occupation:</a></b><br> <i>agriculture: </i>1% <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/economy/labor_force_by_occupation_agriculture_2013_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Labor force - by occupation - agriculture country ranks</u></a> ] <br><i> industry: </i>79% <br><i> services: </i>20% (1997 est.) <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#unemployment_rate">Unemployment rate:</a></b><br> 15% (2005 est.) <br><span style="padding-left:7px;">country comparison to the world: 145 <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/economy/unemployment_rate_2013_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Unemployment rate country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#population_below_poverty_line">Population below poverty line:</a></b><br> NA% <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/economy/population_below_poverty_line_2013_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Population below poverty line country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#household_income_or_consumption_by_percentage_share">Household income or consumption by percentage share:</a></b><br> <i>lowest 10%: </i>NA% <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/economy/household_income_or_consumption_by_percentage_share_lowest_10pct_2013_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10% country ranks</u></a> ] <br><i> highest 10%: </i>NA% <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#investment_gross_fixed">Investment (gross fixed):</a></b><br> 19.9% of GDP (2012 est.) <br><span style="padding-left:7px;">country comparison to the world: 99 <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/economy/investment_2013_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Investment (gross fixed) country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#budget">Budget:</a></b><br> <i>revenues: </i>$8.466 billion <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/economy/budget_revenues_2013_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Budget revenues country ranks</u></a> ] <br><i> expenditures: </i>$8.911 billion (2012 est.) <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#taxes_and_other_revenues">Taxes and other revenues:</a></b><br> 31.9% of GDP (2012 est.) <br><span style="padding-left:7px;">country comparison to the world: 88 <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/economy/taxes_and_other_revenues_2013_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Taxes and other revenues country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#budget_surplus_or_deficit">Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-):</a></b><br> -1.7% of GDP (2012 est.) <br><span style="padding-left:7px;">country comparison to the world: 69 <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/economy/budget_surplus_or_deficit_2013_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-) country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#public_debt">Public debt:</a></b><br> 56.2% of GDP (2012 est.) <br><span style="padding-left:7px;">country comparison to the world: 52 <div class="category_data" style="padding-top: 3px;">54% of GDP (2011 est.) <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/economy/public_debt_2013_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Public debt country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#inflation_rate_consumer_prices">Inflation rate (consumer prices):</a></b><br> 3% (2012 est.) <br><span style="padding-left:7px;">country comparison to the world: 75 <div class="category_data" style="padding-top: 3px;">-0.4% (2011 est.) <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/economy/inflation_rate_2013_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Inflation rate (consumer prices) country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#commercial_bank_prime_lending_rate">Commercial bank prime lending rate:</a></b><br> 6.3% (31 December 2012 est.) <br><span style="padding-left:7px;">country comparison to the world: 130 <div class="category_data" style="padding-top: 3px;">6.83% (31 December 2011 est.) <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/economy/commercial_bank_prime_lending_rate_2013_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Commercial bank prime lending rate country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#stock_of_narrow_money">Stock of narrow money:</a></b><br> $7.854 billion (31 December 2012 est.) <br><span style="padding-left:7px;">country comparison to the world: 83 <div class="category_data" style="padding-top: 3px;">$7.013 billion (31 December 2011 est.) <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/economy/stock_of_narrow_money_2013_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Stock of narrow money country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#stock_of_broad_money">Stock of broad money:</a></b><br> $24.38 billion (31 December 2012 est.) <br><span style="padding-left:7px;">country comparison to the world: 82 <div class="category_data" style="padding-top: 3px;">$21.64 billion (31 December 2011 est.) <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/economy/stock_of_broad_money_2013_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Stock of broad money country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#stock_of_domestic_credit">Stock of domestic credit:</a></b><br> $24.31 billion (31 December 2012 est.) <br><span style="padding-left:7px;">country comparison to the world: 76 <div class="category_data" style="padding-top: 3px;">$20.78 billion (31 December 2011 est.) <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/economy/stock_of_domestic_credit_2013_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Stock of domestic credit country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#market_value_of_publicly">Market value of publicly traded shares:</a></b><br> $17.15 billion (31 December 2011) <br><span style="padding-left:7px;">country comparison to the world: 62 <div class="category_data" style="padding-top: 3px;">$20.43 billion (31 December 2010) <div class="category_data" style="padding-top: 3px;">$16.93 billion (31 December 2009) <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/economy/market_value_of_publicly_traded_shares_2013_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Market value of publicly traded shares country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#agriculture_products">Agriculture - products:</a></b><br> fruit, vegetables; poultry, dairy products; shrimp, fish <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#industries">Industries:</a></b><br> petroleum processing and refining, aluminum smelting, iron pelletization, fertilizers, Islamic and offshore banking, insurance, ship repairing, tourism <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#industrial_production_growth_rate">Industrial production growth rate:</a></b><br> 1.5% (2010 est.) <br><span style="padding-left:7px;">country comparison to the world: 130 <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/economy/industrial_production_growth_rate_2013_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Industrial production growth rate country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#current_account_balance">Current account balance:</a></b><br> $2.846 billion (2012 est.) <br><span style="padding-left:7px;">country comparison to the world: 35 <div class="category_data" style="padding-top: 3px;">$3.247 billion (2011 est.) <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/economy/current_account_balance_2013_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Current account balance country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#exports">Exports:</a></b><br> $20.95 billion (2012 est.) <br><span style="padding-left:7px;">country comparison to the world: 74 <div class="category_data" style="padding-top: 3px;">$19.91 billion (2011 est.) <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/economy/exports_2013_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Exports country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#exports_commodities">Exports - commodities:</a></b><br> petroleum and petroleum products, aluminum, textiles <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#exports_partners">Exports - partners:</a></b><br> Saudi Arabia 3.3%, UAE 2.2%, Japan 2%, Qatar 1.9% (2011) <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#imports">Imports:</a></b><br> $14.95 billion (2012 est.) <br><span style="padding-left:7px;">country comparison to the world: 87 <div class="category_data" style="padding-top: 3px;">$12.11 billion (2011 est.) <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/economy/imports_2013_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Imports country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#imports_commodities">Imports - commodities:</a></b><br> crude oil, machinery, chemicals <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#imports_partners">Imports - partners:</a></b><br> Saudi Arabia 28.2%, US 10.5%, China 7.6%, Brazil 6%, India 5.7%, Germany 4.8%, Japan 4.1% (2011) <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#reserves_of_foreign_exchange_and_gold">Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:</a></b><br> $4.853 billion (31 December 2012 est.) <br><span style="padding-left:7px;">country comparison to the world: 92 <div class="category_data" style="padding-top: 3px;">$4.245 billion (31 December 2011 est.) <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/economy/reserves_of_foreign_exchange_and_gold_2013_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Reserves of foreign exchange and gold country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#debt_external">Debt - external:</a></b><br> $25.27 billion (31 December 2012 est.) <br><span style="padding-left:7px;">country comparison to the world: 74 <div class="category_data" style="padding-top: 3px;">$25.15 billion (31 December 2011 est.) <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/economy/debt_external_2013_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Debt - external country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#stock_direct_foreign_investment_at_home">Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:</a></b><br> $16.87 billion (31 December 2012 est.) <br><span style="padding-left:7px;">country comparison to the world: 75 <div class="category_data" style="padding-top: 3px;">$15.94 billion (31 December 2011 est.) <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/economy/stock_of_direct_foreign_investment_at_home_2013_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Stock of direct foreign investment - at home country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#stock_direct_foreign_investment_abroad">Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:</a></b><br> $10.02 billion (31 December 2012 est.) <br><span style="padding-left:7px;">country comparison to the world: 52 <div class="category_data" style="padding-top: 3px;">$8.777 billion (31 December 2011 est.) <br>[see also: <a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/economy/stock_of_direct_foreign_investment_abroad_2013_0.html" target="_blank"><u>Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad country ranks</u></a> ] <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#exchange_rates">Exchange rates:</a></b><br> Bahraini dinars (BHD) per US dollar - <div class="category_data" style="padding-top: 3px;">0.376 (2012 est.) <div class="category_data" style="padding-top: 3px;">0.376 (2011 est.) <div class="category_data" style="padding-top: 3px;">0.376 (2010 est.) <div class="category_data" style="padding-top: 3px;">0.376 (2009) <div class="category_data" style="padding-top: 3px;">0.376 (2008) <p><b><a href = "http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html#fiscal_year">Fiscal year:</a></b><br> calendar year </font> <p> <p> <BR> <P> <font size = "-2"><B> NOTE: The information regarding Bahrain on this page is re-published from the 2013 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency. 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All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Bahrain Economy 2013 should be addressed to the CIA. </B></font> </P> <br> <hr> <a href="#" onClick="AddToFaves_hp()"><img src="http://www.theodora.com/images/bookmark_banner.gif" align="left" width="176" height="52" border="0"></a><font color=brown> - Please bookmark this page (add it to your favorites). <br> - If you wish to <b>link</b> to this page, you can do so by referring to the URL address below this line.</font> <hr> http://www.theodora.com/wfbcurrent/bahrain/bahrain_economy.html <br><br> This page was last modified 11-Mar-13 <br> Copyright &copy 1995-2013 <a href="http://www.theodora.com/ita.html">ITA</a> all rights reserved. <br> </td> <td width=200 valign="top" align="left" background="http://www.theodora.com/wfb2008/images/light_blue.gif"> <!-- SiteSearch Google --> <br> <form action="http://www.google.com/cse" id="cse-search-box"> <div> <input type="hidden" name="cx" value="partner-pub-7437757543052749:i8v5yg-obf2" /> <input type="hidden" name="ie" value="ISO-8859-1" /> <input type="text" name="q" size="26" /> <input type="submit" name="sa" value="Search" /> </div> </form> <script type="text/javascript" src="http://www.google.com/cse/brand?form=cse-search-box&lang=en"></script> <!-- End SiteSearch Google --> <font size="2" face="arial"> <b> <ul> <li><a href="http://www.theodora.com/wfb">|Main INDEX|</a> <li><a href="../index.html">2013 INDEX</a> <li><a href="http://www.photius.com/rankings/index.html">Country Ranks</a> <li><a href="http://www.theodora.com/wfb/wfb2000/definitions.html">DEFINITIONS</a> <br><br> <a href="index.html">Bahrain Index 2013</a> <br><br> <a href="http://www.theodora.com/wfbcurrent/bahrain/index.html">Bahrain Main Index</a> <li><a href="bahrain_introduction.html">Introduction</a> <li><a href="http://workmall.com/wfb2001/bahrain/bahrain_history_index.html">History</a> <li><a href="http://www.photius.com/countries/bahrain/geography/index.html">Geography</a> <li><a href="http://www.photius.com/countries/bahrain/climate/bahrain_climate_climate.html">Climate</a> <li>&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="http://www.theodora.com/maps">Maps</a><br> </b> &nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="http://www.photius.com/religion">Religion</a> <b><li><a href="http://www.photius.com/countries/bahrain/government/index.html">Government</a><br></B> &nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="bahrain_chiefs.html"> Gov. 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